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perf(spanner): support concurrent queries with inline-begin-transaction (step 4)#5323

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olavloite:spanner-inline-begin-tx-step-4
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perf(spanner): support concurrent queries with inline-begin-transaction (step 4)#5323
olavloite wants to merge 9 commits intogoogleapis:mainfrom
olavloite:spanner-inline-begin-tx-step-4

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Adds support for running concurrent queries in combination with inline-begin-transaction.
Only one of the queries will include the BeginTransaction option. The other queries will
wait until the first query has returned a transaction ID.

Adds support for inlining the BeginTransaction with the first query in a read-only
transaction. This saves one round-trip to Spanner for multi-use read-only transactions.

This implementation is intentionally simple:
1. It does not support parallel queries at the start of the transaction.
2. It does not include error handling for the first query.
3. It only supports read-only transactions.

This is step 1. Follow-up pull requests addresses the above points.
Adds error handling for inline-begin-transaction. If the first statement in a
transaction fails, and that statement included a BeginTransaction option, then
the transaction has not been started. In order to keep the semantics of the
transaction consistent for an 'outside observer', we need to do the following:
1. Catch the error that was thrown by the initial statement.
2. Start the transaction using an explicit BeginTransaction RPC.
3. Retry the initial statement, but now using the transaction ID from step 2.
4. Return the error or result for the retried initial statement.

The above makes sure that:
1. The transaction is actually started when the first statement is executed, also
   when the statement failed.
2. The statement becomes part of the transaction, and the result of the statement
   is consistent with the read-timestamp of the transaction.

The second part is important in order to comply with Spanner's strong consistency
guarantees; If for example a statement returns a 'Table not found' error, then
that error is only valid for the read timestamp that was used for executing the
statement. This is the reason that we retry the statement after the BeginTransaction
RPC to be able to return a result that is guaranteed to be consistent with any
other queries/reads that will be executed in the same transaction.
Adds error handling for inline-begin-transaction. If the first statement in a
transaction fails, and that statement included a BeginTransaction option, then
the transaction has not been started. In order to keep the semantics of the
transaction consistent for an 'outside observer', we need to do the following:
1. Catch the error that was thrown by the initial statement.
2. Start the transaction using an explicit BeginTransaction RPC.
3. Retry the initial statement, but now using the transaction ID from step 2.
4. Return the error or result for the retried initial statement.

The above makes sure that:
1. The transaction is actually started when the first statement is executed, also
   when the statement failed.
2. The statement becomes part of the transaction, and the result of the statement
   is consistent with the read-timestamp of the transaction.

The second part is important in order to comply with Spanner's strong consistency
guarantees; If for example a statement returns a 'Table not found' error, then
that error is only valid for the read timestamp that was used for executing the
statement. This is the reason that we retry the statement after the BeginTransaction
RPC to be able to return a result that is guaranteed to be consistent with any
other queries/reads that will be executed in the same transaction.
Adds an integration test for error handling for inline-begin-transaction. This test uses
a gRPC proxy to intercept calls from the client to Spanner to be able to deterministically
emulate specific concurrency issues. This test shows how a query that failed during the
first attempt, and thereby also failed to start the transaction, could succeed during a
retry after the transaction has been started with an explicit BeginTransaction RPC.
Adds an integration test for error handling for inline-begin-transaction. This test uses
a gRPC proxy to intercept calls from the client to Spanner to be able to deterministically
emulate specific concurrency issues. This test shows how a query that failed during the
first attempt, and thereby also failed to start the transaction, could succeed during a
retry after the transaction has been started with an explicit BeginTransaction RPC.
@product-auto-label product-auto-label bot added the api: spanner Issues related to the Spanner API. label Apr 8, 2026
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codecov bot commented Apr 8, 2026

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 97.07724% with 42 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 97.79%. Comparing base (e373f94) to head (6b7cffc).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
src/spanner/src/read_only_transaction.rs 96.85% 33 Missing ⚠️
src/spanner/src/result_set.rs 97.50% 9 Missing ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #5323      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.79%   97.79%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         220      220              
  Lines       45845    47197    +1352     
==========================================
+ Hits        44832    46154    +1322     
- Misses       1013     1043      +30     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

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Adds support for running concurrent queries in combination with inline-begin-transaction.
Only one of the queries will include the BeginTransaction option. The other queries will
wait until the first query has returned a transaction ID.
@olavloite olavloite force-pushed the spanner-inline-begin-tx-step-4 branch from 7472b99 to 6b7cffc Compare April 8, 2026 13:04
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